how do photovoltaic solar panels work

Photovoltaic solar panels, also known as solar PV panels, are a popular form of renewable energy technology used to convert sunlight into electricity. These panels are made up of multiple solar cells, which are made from semiconductor materials, such as silicon.

How do photovoltaic solar panels work?

When sunlight hits the solar panels, the solar cells absorb the energy from the sunlight, which causes the electrons in the cells to become energized. This creates an electric field across the layers of the solar cell, which then causes electricity to flow. This electricity can then be used to power electrical devices or be stored in batteries for later use.

Photon Absorption

The first step in the process of generating electricity from solar panels is photon absorption. When sunlight hits the solar panels, photons from the sunlight are absorbed by the solar cells. This absorption of photons generates an electric current which flows through the solar panels.

Creation of Electric Field

As the photons are absorbed by the solar cells, the energized electrons are released. This creates an electric field across the layers of the solar cell. This electric field then causes the flow of electricity, which can be harnessed for various applications.

Electricity Generation

The flow of electricity generated by the electric field is then collected by the wiring in the solar panels. This electricity can be used to power electrical devices in homes or businesses, or it can be stored in batteries for later use, such as during nights or cloudy days when there is less sunlight available.

Conversion and Storage

The electricity generated by the solar panels is usually in the form of direct current (DC) electricity. In order to make it usable for most electrical devices, it needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) electricity using an inverter. The converted electricity can be used to power homes or businesses, and any excess electricity can be stored in batteries for later use.

Conclusion

In conclusion, photovoltaic solar panels work by harnessing the energy from sunlight and converting it into electricity through the use of solar cells. These panels are an environmentally friendly and sustainable source of energy, and their usage can help reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources. As technology continues to advance, solar panels are becoming increasingly efficient and cost-effective, making them a viable option for powering homes and businesses around the world.